生活污水處理設備 按(an)照水中(zhong)懸浮顆粒的濃度(du)、性質及其絮凝性能的不同(tong),沉淀現(xian)象分為4類
(1) 生活污水處理設備自由沉(chen)淀(dian) 懸浮(fu)物的(de)(de)濃度低,沉(chen)淀(dian)過程(cheng)中(zhong)互不(bu)粘合,不(bu)改(gai)變顆粒的(de)(de)形狀尺寸及密(mi)度,如(ru)沉(chen)砂池(chi)中(zhong)顆粒的(de)(de)沉(chen)淀(dian)。
(2) 生活污水處理設備絮(xu)(xu)(xu)凝(ning)(ning)沉(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian) 沉(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)過程中(zhong)(zhong)能發生凝(ning)(ning)聚或絮(xu)(xu)(xu)凝(ning)(ning)的(de)(de)作用(yong),濃度(du)低的(de)(de)虛浮顆(ke)粒(li)的(de)(de)沉(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)度(du),由(you)于(yu)絮(xu)(xu)(xu)凝(ning)(ning)左右顆(ke)粒(li)質量增(zeng)加(jia),沉(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)速(su)(su)加(jia)快,沉(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)速(su)(su)隨深度(du)而增(zeng)加(jia)。經過化學絮(xu)(xu)(xu)凝(ning)(ning)的(de)(de)水中(zhong)(zhong)顆(ke)粒(li)的(de)(de)水中(zhong)(zhong)顆(ke)粒(li)的(de)(de)沉(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)即屬絮(xu)(xu)(xu)凝(ning)(ning)沉(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)。沉(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)速(su)(su)不(bu)斷增(zeng)加(jia),目前尚無描述顆(ke)粒(li)絮(xu)(xu)(xu)凝(ning)(ning)沉(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)關系表達式,解釋實際(ji)問題時,通(tong)常將絮(xu)(xu)(xu)凝(ning)(ning)沉(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)分割為(wei)若干層(ceng),在(zai)每層(ceng)中(zhong)(zhong)認為(wei)顆(ke)粒(li)的(de)(de)沉(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)降(jiang)采(cai)用(yong)自(zi)(zi)由(you)沉(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)降(jiang)速(su)(su)度(du)公式,顯而易見(jian),采(cai)用(yong)自(zi)(zi)由(you)沉(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)降(jiang)顆(ke)粒(li)近似絮(xu)(xu)(xu)凝(ning)(ning)顆(ke)粒(li)時,分層(ceng)越多(duo),則誤差(cha)越小(xiao)。
(3) 生活污水處理設備界面沉(chen)淀 污(wu)水中懸浮固體的(de)(de)濃度增(zeng)加(jia)到一定數值后,由于顆粒(li)之間(jian)的(de)(de)相(xiang)互干擾的(de)(de)影響(xiang),所有顆粒(li)以團狀(zhuang)整體沉(chen)淀,泥水之間(jian)形成清晰(xi)可見的(de)(de)泥水界面,此時,所有顆粒(li)的(de)(de)沉(chen)速(su)相(xiang)同(tong),且以同(tong)一速(su)度沉(chen)淀,活性污(wu)泥二(er)沉(chen)淀的(de)(de)下部屬(shu)于此類型。
(4) 生活污水處理設備壓密 沉(chen)(chen)淀 發生在(zai)高濃(nong)(nong)(nong)度虛浮顆(ke)粒(li)的沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)過程(cheng)中,由于SS很高,顆(ke)粒(li)相互之間以(yi)聚集成團塊結構,互相支撐(cheng),下層(ceng)顆(ke)粒(li)間的水(shui)分(fen)在(zai)上層(ceng)顆(ke)粒(li)的重力、水(shui)深及本身重力作用(yong)下被壓出,使污(wu)泥得(de)道(dao)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)縮(suo)。二(er)沉(chen)(chen)池污(wu)泥斗中的濃(nong)(nong)(nong)縮(suo)過程(cheng)及濃(nong)(nong)(nong)縮(suo)池中污(wu)泥的濃(nong)(nong)(nong)縮(suo)過程(cheng)存在(zai)壓縮(suo)沉(chen)(chen)淀。一般(ban)用(yong)區界面沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)速度公式。
生活污水處理設備廢(fei)水中的(de)虛浮物實際上(shang)是大小(xiao)、形狀(zhuang)及密度都不相同的(de)顆(ke)粒(li)群,其沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)特(te)性也因廢(fei)水性質不同而異(yi),因此,通(tong)(tong)常要(yao)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)試驗(yan)其沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)性能,并(bing)根(gen)據所要(yao)求(qiu)的(de)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)試驗(yan)來判定其沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)性能,并(bing)根(gen)據所要(yao)求(qiu)的(de)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)去(qu)除率采取沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)和沉(chen)降速度這兩個基本的(de)設計參數(shu)。按照(zhao)試驗(yan)的(de)結(jie)果所繪制(zhi)的(de)各參數(shu)之間(jian)的(de)相互關(guan)系(xi)的(de)曲線(xian),通(tong)(tong)稱為沉(chen)降曲線(xian)。